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March 02, 2010
"All our theories were wrong."
Justin pointed me to a fascinating Newsweek report about a new archeological find at Gobekli Tepe, in Turkey which turns conventional knowledge of early human on its head: Standing on the hill at dawn, overseeing a team of 40 Kurdish diggers, the German-born archeologist waves a hand over his discovery here, a revolution in the story of human origins. Schmidt has uncovered a vast and beautiful temple complex, a structure so ancient that it may be the very first thing human beings ever built. The site isn't just old, it redefines old: the temple was built 11,500 years ago--a staggering 7,000 years before the Great Pyramid, and more than 6,000 years before Stonehenge first took shape. The ruins are so early that they predate villages, pottery, domesticated animals, and even agriculture--the first embers of civilization. In fact, Schmidt thinks the temple itself, built after the end of the last Ice Age by hunter-gatherers, became that ember--the spark that launched mankind toward farming, urban life, and all that followed.Like many college students who took archaeology, I was taught that 11,500 years ago would have been in the Stone Age, barely into the post-Pleistocene, post-Mesolithic period, and at the very beginning of the Neolithic Period, when our ancestors would have still been making flint arrowheads to kill wild beasts. Probably not yet farming, and definitely not building sophisticated buildings like these: ...Across the hill, he has found carved and polished circles of stone, with terrazzo flooring and double benches. All the circles feature massive T-shaped pillars that evoke the monoliths of Easter Island.So it appears to be back-to-the-drawing board time: The new discoveries are finally beginning to reshape the slow-moving consensus of archeology. Gobekli Tepe is "unbelievably big and amazing, at a ridiculously early date," according to Ian Hodder, director of Stanford's archeology program. Enthusing over the "huge great stones and fantastic, highly refined art" at Gobekli, Hodder--who has spent decades on rival Neolithic sites--says: "Many people think that it changes everything...It overturns the whole apple cart. All our theories were wrong."It makes me wonder how many other things that we take for granted are wrong. We laugh at beliefs from the Middle Ages, yet in the future, many of today's theories will probably be long-debunked, and equally amusing. While it would be a major error to conclude that everything we know is wrong (because a lot of it is right), the findings so far at Gobekli Tepe would seem to confirm the wisdom of healthy skepticism. Meanwhile, I'm sure the new findings will be hotly debated by the guardians of the old consensus. MORE: Author Tom Knox makes an interesting but somewhat fanciful case that Gobekli Tepe was a temple in the Garden of Eden. posted by Eric on 03.02.10 at 12:24 PM
Comments
It would appear that the archaeologists are using Google Earth. Type "Gobekli Tepi Turkey" into the "Fly To" box. Regards, Ric Locke · March 2, 2010 02:22 PM I was living in Turkey in the 1960s, when these ruins were first discovered. Nobody knew what to make of them, so the mainline archeologists just seemed to pretend that they didn't exist. It took the work of a compelled individual to try to make sense of the ruins. The 'book' should never be closed on science or history. We're discovering new things almost daily. That includes the fact that not everybody in the Middle Ages was dumb! John Burgess · March 2, 2010 05:53 PM We were lucky those ruins weren't destroyed, or under threat of destruction, as jahiliyya, like the Bamiyan Buddhas or Persepolis. Bob Smith · March 2, 2010 07:02 PM I've always thought it was odd that we were basically a step above animals for such a long damn time. Think about it, tens of thousands of years with the only tool use being bashing two rocks together and maybe lashing that to a piece of wood. We probably had cycles approaching civilization over and over before the fertile crescent, Egypt, Greece and Rome perfected writing and record keeping which allowed people to keep going higher and higher. Probably writing was the difference because people could save knowledge, it didn't disappear when the learned men were eaten. Pigs, sheep, goats, cows, chickens, horses, dogs, everything had to be bred into the useful breeds we have today, in fits and starts and probably not at all systematically over long periods of time, into the useful animals we have today. Cats, of course, have been breeding us for thousands of years. They have us nearly perfect, too bad they can't breed out that horrible like of dogs. Veeshir · March 2, 2010 08:55 PM Another site is churning up the dust of history, although it is under water. nbpundit · March 3, 2010 01:32 AM I read (and blogged) Knox's book almost a year ago, and found it quite interesting... but it was like two books patched together. His factual telling of the archeology is combined with some really fantastical connection with Kurdish religion in ways that were quite a stretch at times. The idea of man having to resort to agriculture makes the story of Cain and Abel slightly more understandable. Sorta. In a way. Donna B. · March 3, 2010 04:00 AM Having learned to be skeptical of the claims of angels--I mean scientists, my first query would be: are you sure of you dating, and why? Brett · March 4, 2010 08:23 AM We laugh at the middle ages, yet pretend there was a 'renaissance' that followed. Even though nothing was 'reborn' that hadn't already been created or re-established in those oh so laughable middle ages. If anything it was the middle ages that represents a true step beyond the achievements of the classical age. ThomasD · March 4, 2010 09:39 AM Post a comment
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