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August 17, 2005
Restraint is activism, and activism is restraint!
Before the Supreme Court issued the notorious Kelo decision, Institute for Justice's Chip Mellor warned of an unholy alliance between "judicial activism" and "judicial restraint" (in which freedom is the loser): Without realizing it, liberals and conservatives are working from opposite ends of the political spectrum, under opposing rationales, to reach the same end: expanded government power. As a result of the political push and pull between those advocating judicial activism and those favoring judicial restraint, two fundamental American rights—the right to earn an honest living and the right to own private property—have been stripped of vital constitutional protection, leaving entrepreneurs and small property owners especially vulnerable to backroom deals and majoritarian whims.How tragically prescient of Mr. Mellor! (Readers are reminded that he and his Institute for Justice shepherded the Kelo case into the Supreme Court, and fought hard for an opposite result.) The result of this unholy alliance is ever more encroachment of freedom, with ordinary citizens getting it from both ends. In effect, we now have a federal appeals court giving a green light to the rankest form of cronyism and favoritism. Despite the starkness of the 10th Circuit’s unanimous ruling, in March the Supreme Court declined to review the case.We've departed so far from the doctrine of "a man's home is his castle" that not only has the government expropriated personal and family life behind the breached castle walls, but citizens who don't like that can find the battered remnants seized and given to someone else. (Move aside, Magna Carta!) Courts are not to interfere with this process, lest they be accused of "judicial activism." But wait a minute! In Kelo the court didn't interfere, and now it's being accused of judicial activism! Yet in reality (and in logic) the holding was based on judicial restraint! An anomaly so odd that today's Philadelphia Inquirer quoted Ann Althouse on the subject: We all want judges to do some things and not others. One of the things the speakers complained about was the Kelo case, but that was an example of restraint, not activism. The Court declined to enforce a right. And these speakers don't like too much Establishment Clause enforcement, but I'll bet they moan about not enough Free Exercise protection.I'm sorry, but "we all want judges to do some things and not others" is not the standard the founders had in mind. Calling things judicial activism which aren't judicial activism is not helpful. Nor is calling them judicial restraint. If a state or local government adoption agency decided (or refused) to place babies with gay couples, I am sure that activists would demand that the Supreme Court put a stop to the government action they hated. Regardless of how you might come down on the merits, demanding that a court intervene to stop something is activism. I suspect misuse of language arises from conservatives being annoyed by professional "activists," and this makes them use the term to describe all judicial results they don't like with the catchphrase "judicial activism." At the rate I'm going (with my incessant demands that political activists be logical), I'll need to be actively restrained. Much more here, including an intrguing quote from Randy Barnett: Is discovering and enforcing the original meaning of the Ninth Amendment activism? Or is it activism to characterize this inconvenient piece of text as an "ink blot" on the Constitution, as Robert Bork did in his infamous confirmation testimony?What's with this "original meaning" stuff? Sounds passé by what passes for today's standards. (Must be a new doctrine of "legal passivism" or something.) Perhaps someone like Mr. Barnett could consider writing a "Freedom Restoration Act." The problem is, what one person defines as freedom, another person defines as taking away freedom. The freedom to take away freedom sounds as oxymoronic as the tolerance of intolerance. I know that it's no fun to conclude that nothing makes any sense, and I apologize. I'll try to make less of more sense in the future. posted by Eric on 08.17.05 at 08:49 AM |
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I have been saying that before Lawrence & Garner vs. Texas. "Judicial activism", like "extremism" or "unilateralism", is a meaningless anti-concept. As Leonard Peikoff would put it, it is one of those "dirty words" that "nobody should ever use!" All it does is cloud thought. That is the intent, of course.
You are absolutely right about judicial passivism. I agree totally with Randy Barnett. The courts must "actively" strike down any and all laws and executive actions that contradict the supreme law, the Constitution.